Mito-C formula
Vitamin C 250mg
Vitamin K 75 mcg
Niacinamide 5 mg
Quercetin 25 mg
EGCG 40 mg
Alpha Lipoic Acid 25 mg
N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCl 25 mg
L-Tyrosine 25 mg
Setria (L-Glutathione Reduced) 25 mg
Citrus Bioflavonoids 25 mg
Parsley Leaf 15 mg = 2.1 mg apigenin
Formula rationale
The levels of the various ingredients are based on a tablet that can be readily swallowed my most people, which is no more than 600 mg, preferably 500mg. Starting with 500 mg vitamin C and decreasing that to include other desired ingredients resulted in this formulation. It is designed to be taken twice daily for the vitamin C benefit/requirement. Other ingredients might be better at higher levels, but there have not been studies to determine the optimum, and I believe getting some is better than none when it is a nutrient that has been shown to be deficient as we age.
First, health value is described. Below are the ingredients with rationale for their benefits. I follow that with brief comments on quantities. Vitamin C 250mg– The level based on the work of Roc Ordman [1] maintains near the highest concentration in your blood. Though Roc prefers 500 mg BID, others argue 200 mg daily is sufficient. Many other supplements like AREDs and MDR products provide an additional 250 mg. Vitamin K 75 mcg– This may have numerous health benefits listed on my research poster, reducing the risk for a variety of age-associated conditions [7]. significantly fewer fractures, rivaling bisphosphonate therapy without toxicity, enhances osteocalcin accumulation in the extracellular matrix of human osteoblasts in vitro. Osteocalcin is synthesized in bone. Low level of osteocalcin is considered a marker for hip fracture risk [Szulc 1996], , the odds ratio of the highest tertile intake of menaquinone (vitamin K2) compared to the lowest resulted in a significant risk reduction in coronary heart disease, 0.43; all-cause mortality, 0; and severe aortic calcification, 0.48 [El Asmar 2014] , preventing calcium deposition in the lining of blood vessel walls, and helps improve bone density, deficiency has recently been recognized as a protagonist in the development of vascular calcification and osteoporosis. Data reported so far are promising and, dietary supplementation seems a useful tool to contrast these diseases. [Flore 2013] Niacinamide 5 mg – Niacin levels decrease with age, according to Science. Supplemental niacin is absorbed into mitochondria and can replenish NAD levels. Quercetin 25 mg and EGCG 40 mg– Quercetin delays the degradation of EGCG [2] found in green tea. This makes it possible that the product will provide the EGCG benefit of drinking multiple cups of green tea. There has been shown to be a linear relationship between cups of green tea consumed daily and health [3]. Alpha Lipoic Acid 25 mg and N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCl 25 mg– NAC transports fatty acids into the mitochondrion, and ALA aids their degradation to generate energy. Bruce Ames demonstrated this combination turned old mice into young ones, restoring energy to run on an exercise wheel and mental function to navigate and remember a maze [4]. L-Tyrosine 25 mg and Setria (L-Glutathione Reduced) 25 mg– Deficiency of these amino acids and EGCG contributes to protein misfolding during transcription. Based on work with Rolf Martin [5], protein misfolding contributes to Alzheimer’s and other age-associated diseases [8] Citrus Bioflavonoids 25 mg and Parsley Leaf 15 mg – Bioflavonoids, especially apigenin found in high levels in parsley, inhibit CD 38, also known as cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase, a glycoprotein found on the surface of many immune cells and the main reducer of NAD+ concentration during aging [6]
Second, why these quantities? Vitamin C was decreased to make the tablet small enough to swallow. Quercetin and EGCG were set at levels equivalent to what would be obtained from one serving of blueberries and one cup of green tea. Alpha-lipoic acid and N-Acetyl-Carnitine were included based on the rationale for Juvenon. Bruce Ames was unable to determine an optimum dosage in clinical trials. So these levels are based on the ratio in Juvenon, rather than the levels. Cysteine is a component of Glutathione. MDR argued for Glutathione rather than cysteine, because it is an antioxidant their customers recognize, and they have it in stock. The inclusion of these two amino acids are based on Rolf’s comments of deficient amino acids. Flavonoids, including quercetin, are desirable in the diet. Apigenin was cited by GRG as a caloric restriction mimetic, and MDR had parsley leaf available. Parsley is rich in apigenin. Third, one must decide a specific formulation to make an actual product. Given the many unknowns about dosage and clinical effect, how does one decide? A negotiation over cost of ingredients, some is better than none, and choosing things most people do not get. I omitted vitamin D, for instance, as everyone ought to take a full supplement. As I am known for vitamin C and its benefits, that is the lead ingredient. The others are ingredients I want to get twice a day, but which I would prefer not to add another pill to my daily regimen. I ingest 9 to 10 pills in the morning, including juvenon 3x only per week, rather than the prescribed BID, because it is so expensive. Those pills were followed by blueberries and green tea, but I missed many days for lack of time. And at night I only took a vitamin C pill, and am much happier now that I get this host of beneficial nutrients. I wish there were a way to share this rationale with a wider audience, but a peer-reviewed journal is unlikely to accept it, and the media outlets view it as an advertisement that I should pay for. Perhaps it can be linked on the Triumph and MDR web sites.
